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1.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 34(4): 598-604, oct.-dic. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-730944

ABSTRACT

Institución donde se ejecutó el trabajo: Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, PECET, Unidad de Malacología Médica y Trematodos (UMMT), Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia Introducción. La fasciolosis es la enfermedad transmitida por vectores con mayor distribución latitudinal, longitudinal y altitudinal, debido a la capacidad colonizadora del parásito Fasciola hepatica y de sus huéspedes intermediarios, los moluscos limneidos. Estos caracoles se investigan por su importancia epidemiológica, pero su identificación taxonómica es difícil por la similitud fenotípica entre especies. En este sentido, con respecto a Lymnaea cousini , un huésped de F. hepatica en Colombia, existe incertidumbre en razón de su similitud morfológica con L. meridensis , descrita recientemente en Venezuela. Objetivo. Confirmar con el marcador del gen de la citocromo oxidasa I en el ADN mitocondrial COI (ADNmt), el estatus taxonómico de ejemplares morfológicamente caracterizados como L. cousini provenientes de Nariño, Norte de Santander y Santander (Colombia), depositados en la Colección de Moluscos Vectores de la Universidad de Antioquia, VHET N° 37. Materiales y métodos. Para la amplificación del COI mitocondrial, se extrajo ADN total del pie de cada ejemplar con el estuche DNeasy Blood and Tissue (Qiagen ® ). Los productos amplificados se enviaron a secuenciar a Macrogen Inc., Corea. Las 27 secuencias generadas en esta investigación se compararon con secuencias publicadas en el GenBank, incluidas las secuencias de la localidad tipo de L. cousini. Resultados. Se encontraron dos nuevos haplotipos de L. cousini para Colombia. Los especímenes de Nariño correspondían al haplotipo A, referenciado en Ecuador, y los especímenes de Santander y Norte de Santander, a un nuevo haplotipo al que se denominó D. Conclusión. Mediante el marcador mitocondrial del COI , se confirmó que los especímenes pertenecían a la especie L. cousini . Con el hallazgo se duplicó el número de haplotipos conocidos de la especie en Colombia y se amplió su distribución geográfica al suroeste y nordeste de la región altoandina colombiana.


Introduction: Fasciolosis is the disease transmitted by vectors with the highest latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitudinal distribution due to the colonizing capacity of the parasite Fasciola hepatica and its intermediate hosts, Lymnaeidae mollusks. These snails are under research due to their epidemiological importance, but their taxonomic identification is difficult given their interspecific phenotypical similarity. For this reason, there is uncertainty regarding Lymnaea cousini -a host of F. hepatica in Colombia- due to the morphological similarity it has with Lymnaea meridensis , recently described for Venezuela. Objective: To confirm with the COI marker (ADNmt) the taxonomic status of individuals morphologically identified as L. cousini from Nariño, Norte de Santander, and Santander (Colombia), deposited in the Vector Mollusks Collection VHET No. 37 of Universidad de Antioquia. Materials and methods: The amplification of the mitochondrial COI required total DNA extraction of each individual´s foot using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen®). Products amplified were sent for sequencing to Macrogen Inc., Korea. Twenty seven sequences generated in this research were compared to sequences published in the GenBank, including sequences of the type locality of L. cousini . Results: Two new haplotypes of L. cousini were obtained for Colombia. Specimens from Nariño correspond to haplotype A, referenced for Ecuador, and specimens from Santander and Norte de Santander belong to a new haplotype we called haplotype D. Conclusion : By using the mitochondrial COI marker, we confirmed that the species under study did correspond to L. cousini . The number of known haplotypes of the species for Colombia has been duplicated and its geographical distribution has been extended to the southwest and northeast of the Colombian high Andean region.


Subject(s)
Animals , Disease Vectors/classification , Electron Transport Complex IV/analysis , Fasciola hepatica , Lymnaea/classification , Base Sequence , Biomarkers , Colombia , DNA , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics , Haplotypes/genetics , Lymnaea/enzymology , Lymnaea/genetics , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Protein Subunits , Sequence Alignment , Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
2.
Egyptian Journal of Schistosomiasis and Infectious and Endemic Diseases. 2003; 25: 31-40
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-61837

ABSTRACT

The aquatic snail Lymnaea acuminata is a vector of the liver flukes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, which cause endemic fascioliasis in cattle and livestock of Eastern India. Very low concentration of the aqueous and partially purified extracts of lattices of Thevetia peruviana and Alstonia scholaris [Family-Apocynaceae] can kill these snails. The latices of both plants had strong in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects on the acetylcholinesterase [AChE] of Lymnaea acuminata. These plants could potentially use in snail control. Their reversible action and low toxicity to fishes would be an added advantage in their use. It is possible that at this level of molluscicidal activity, the tested extracts from the plants Thevetia peruviana and Alstonia scholaris will have a future use in control of fascioliasis


Subject(s)
Snails/drug effects , Lymnaea/enzymology , Acetylcholinesterase , Snails/enzymology , Lymnaea/parasitology , Fascioliasis
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